Tube-boring appliance.



J. ROWE.

TUBE BORING APPLIANCE. APPLIGATION FILED mm: 7, 1910.

1,002,457. I V Patented Sept. 5,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Sept. 5, 1911.-

J. ROWE.

TUBE BORING APPLIANGE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 7, 1910.

JAMES ROWE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TUBE-BORING APPLIANCE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1911.

Application filed June 7, 1910. Serial No. 565,645.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES ROWE, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tube-Boring Appliances; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a novel construction in tube boring devices and more particularly to tube boring heads for finishing tubes interiorly, the object being to provide very simple and eflicient devices for accurately finishing tubes interiorly, and con sists in the features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention: Figure lis an end elevation of a boring head for boring tubes constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3- is a central longitudinal section of the same on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4; is a fragmentary central longitudinal section of the same on the line 44.- of Fig. -1. Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation of a second boring head adapted to be used in connection with the first-named for completing the boring operation. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the same on the line 66 of Fig. 5. Fig. -7 is a central longitudinal section of the same on the line 77 of Fig. 5--. Fig. 8- is a sectional view of a tube boring lathe adapted to my purposes and shows a boring head constructed in accordance with my invention in operative position therein. Fig. 9 is a fragmentary detail view partly in elevation and partly in section showing the method of cutting employed.

My present invention resides essentially in the construction of boring heads for in ternally boring and finishing tubes of all kinds so as to render them true in diameter throughout their length and produce a finished surface therein. The boring head is adapted to be used in connection with a lathe in which preferably the tube to be bored is rotated while the head is held against rotation and is passed longitudinally through the tube. A lathe of this character is clearly shown and described in my pending application, Serial No. 495179 filed on the 10th day of May, 1909, which said lathe may be employed in connection with the boring heads illustrated in the accompanying drawings and which is hereinafter described.

My invention is particularly intended for boring tubes of relatively great length and where consequently it is impossible to maintain the boring head properly guided by means disposed externally of the tube.

In boring tubes for the purpose of producing a true interior surface therein great care must necessarily be exercised to maintain the axis of relative rotation of the tube and the boring head coincident with the axes of said members.

In all lathe operations the operator must, and does as a rule, make what is termed the rough cut or roughing-in to primarily reduce the external diameter of the device being turned or increasing the internal diameter of the device to be bored to within a very few thousandths of an inch of the desired final finished diameter, it being recognized that a large quantity or relatively great depth of material cannot readily be cut away and at the same time a smooth and perfectly true out produced. Usually the roughing-in cut is made by a somewhat round edged cutting tool which presents a cutting surface angularly disposed relatively to the direction of the cut and this necessarily has a tendency to force the device being operated upon away from the cutting tool and if the device being operated upon is at all capable of yielding to such pressure an uneven cut necessarily results. In connection with the art of boring tubes in the manner described in my aforesaid pending application, in which the bore of the tube following the primary cut acts to guide the boring head, it must be obvious that any tendency on the part of the cutting tool to separate the surface being operated upon from the contiguous surface of the head lying nearest adjacent the cutting tool will have the effect of deflecting the head from an absolutely true line and thus produce a finished tube which is not accurate throughout its length.

My present invention has for one of its principal objects to provide means whereby the tendency to separation of the cutting member and the member being cut is entirely overcome so that a relatively great degree of accuracy is effected in the primary roughingin cut thus paving the way toabsolute accuracy in the finishing cut subsequently made. I

As shown in Figs. 1 and .2 the boring head A for producing the roughingin cut consists of a relatively long cylinder corresponding in diameter substantially with the primarily increased diameter of the tube through which the same passes produced by the action of the cutting tool B upon the inner face of the latter. The said boring head A is provided with a long hollow stem C which is adapted to be hel against rotation in a tool carriage I) mounted upon a lathe bed E as shown in Fig. ,'Z., the latter being equipped with suitable end bearings F and G for the tube to'be bored, the latter being rotated by means of a rotating head or chuck clamped thereon between its ends and actuated by suitable gearing, particular description of which is deemed superfluous, The said hearings F and G are provided with stepped bushings H, the smaller ends of which correspond in diameter substantially with the diameter of the boring head to be passed through the tube and serve to initially guide the latter into said tube. All of this is more. clearly described and disclosed in my above-mentioned pending application and repetition thereof is, therefore,

deemed superfluous. The said boring head A is preferably hollow and communicates with the hollow stern C, the latter being connected at its other end with a source of supply of a lubricating fluid under pressure in any well-known manner. Upon the forward end wall of said head A and preferably integral therewith is formed a tool holder I equipped with an opening in which the cut ting tool J is received, said opening being so disposed'relatively toa diametric plane of the boring head as to bring the cutting edges of said tool J into the said diametric plane. The said tool is projected from said opening by means of a set screw K and is. securely held in any adjusted position by means of the set screw L, In practice the outermost end of said tool J is disposed in alinement with the peripheral wall of said: head A and likewise partially in a recess- M formed in the latter, the bottom wall of said recess. con-. stituting asupport for the cutting end of said tool. An opening N communicating with the interior of the head A serves to project liquid upon the cutting edges of said tool J to, project shavings therefrom, the lat. ter being farther projected from the. lower end of the, tubev beingboredr by means of' a second jet of said lubricant delivered from the, opening 0. in the. lowermost portion of said head as shown in Fig.'.4.

The cutting edges of the, cutting tool are most clearly shown in detail in Fig. 9

at P and Q, respectively, said edges extending at right angles to each other and meeting each other in a very slightly rounded corner having a very small radius such as is produced by running an oil stone over such corner to dull the same, said edge P extending at right angles to the axis of the boring head and said edge Q, being parallel with such axis and lying preferably exactly in the plane of the periphery of said head A. Thus the said edge P serves to cut away the material in advance of the cutting head but exerts no lateral pressure or strain during the operation which would tend to later: ally force apart the surface of the cutting head contiguous to the particular point in the surface of the tube upon which said cutter operates, The said cutting edge Q, acts only substantially to scrape or cut away any of the very slight ridges or roughness produced by chipping away the material especially where the cut made is relatively deep. The said cutting tool J increases the diameter of the bore of the tube to an extent just sufficient to accommodate the boring head A, thelatter fitting snugly therein so as to leave no superfluous play but still permitting relatively easy relative rotation between the same and the tube being bored. The said head A is passed entirely through the tube to primarily bore the same out to a diameter lacking only a few thousandths of an inch of the diameter of the finished bore and after this roughing-in out has been so completed the said head A is removed from said stem G and a second head RS substituted therefor, the latter being secured tov said stem in the same manner as the said head but differing in construction from the latter in the following particulars: The said head RS is of different diameter at its respective end portions, the portion R be: ing of the same diameter as the head A and the portion S being of very slightly greater diameter (a few thousandths of an inch) the difference in diameter depending upon the nature of the material tobe cut, the diame-. ter of the bore, etc. Both end portions R and S of said head are hollow and open at theirouter ends, and are provided between their ends with openings T which meet in a recess in the partitionwall W between the ends of said head and from which the cut-v ting tool U projects. The latter is mounted in a'holder V coinciding substantially in construction with the said holder I, previ-.'

diameter corresponding with the latter while said edge Y operates in the same manner as the edge Q, to produce a perfectly smooth and finished cut. A jet of the lubricating fluid delivered through the stem G into the forward portion R of the head is projected through the opening T against the cutting edges X and Y of the cutter U, said liquid together with the very small shavings projected rearwardly thereby being washed through said opening T into the forward hollow portion of said head relatively to the direction of travel thereof and being washed from the open end thereof into and through said tube and discharged from the lower end of the latter, a jet of liquid from the end portion of said head connected with said stem being to this end directed into the lowermost portion of said rear end portion through an opening 27 in the partition wall W, indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5. In the partition wall Wan inclined port Z is provided which extends from the chamber receiving the lubricating fluid in a direction to project a jet of said liquid upon the cutting end XY of the cutting tool U. The said stem C may be connected with either end R or S of said head depending upon the direction of relative longitudinal movement of the latter and the tube. In some instances it may be desirable to detach the head A from said stem C after it has passed through the tube in the direction of the bore, and at this point secure the head R-S thereto so that by reversing the lathe the said head RS will make the finishing cut in the opposite direction and in Fig. 8 said head RS is shown in position preparatory to its passage through the tube in the opposite direction from that of the head A. It is generally preferable to make the bore in the direction of downward inclination of the tube as this insures more efficient discharge of shavings as will be obvious and when this procedure is adhered to the said head R-S is started into the tube at the higher end, the end portion S thereof being secured to the said stem C. The bushing H is removed before insertion of said head RS so as to permit the portion S thereof to follow the portion B into said tube, the latter coacting with the inner wall of the tube to accurately guide the latter.

By means of my said device a tube may be bored absolutely true and so smoothly by an unskilled mechanic as to obviate any necessity of polishing the same, the only skill required in the operation thereof being to properly adjust the cutting tools J and U so as to assure increasing the diameter of the bore of the tube to the extent exactly necessary to the purpose without such appreciable variation as to render liable an imperfect job, but having once adjusted said tools and started the boring the latter is automatically completed in one direction by the head A and thereafter by the head RS, the work being thus not only very accurately performed but also at very low cost.

It is preferable to rotate the tube for rea sons which will be obvious, and to feed the boring head longitudinally relatively to said tube, such feed being automatic as usual. Hence, if the roughing out cut is made in one direction and the finishing cut in the other the tube must be rotated in one direction for the roughing out out and in the opposite direction for the finishing cut. Accordingly the cutter J has its cutting edges disposed on the opposite side thereof relatively to the cutting edges of the cutter U.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination with means for supporting an initially roughed out tube, of a boring head for enlarging and finishing the bore of the supported tube, said boring head corresponding in diameter at one end with the rough bore of the tube and at its other end with the diameter of the finished bore adapted to be made thereby, a cutting tool adjustably mounted between the ends of said head and having a cutting edge disposed to enlarge the bore of the tube in advance of and to a diameter substantially equal to the part of larger diameter thereof, said head being maintained by said tube in axial alinement therewith and adapted to be guided thereby, means for simultaneously impart ing relative rotary and longitudinal movement to said tube and said head.

2. The combination with means for supporting an initially roughed out tube, of a boring head for finishing the bore of the supported tube, said boring head corresponding in diameter at one end with the rough bore of the tube and at its other end with the diameter of the finished bore adapted to be made thereby, said last-named end being hollow and open at one end and provided adjacent its other end with an opening for the passage of shavings into the same, a cutting tool adjustably mounted between the ends of said head and having a cutting edge disposed to enlarge the bore of the tube in advance of and to a diameter substantially equal to the part of larger diameter thereof, said head being maintained by said tube in axial alinement therewith and adapted to be guided thereby, means for imparting relative rotary and longitudinal movement to said tube and said head, and connection between said first-named end of said head and a source of supply of a lubricating liquid under pressure, there being openings for directing said liquid upon the cutting edge of said tool, said liquid being adapt-ed to enter the opening in the forward end of said part of larger diameter for washing shavings therefrom.

3. The combination wit-h means for supporting an initially roughed out tube, of a boringihead for finishing the bore of the supported tube, said boring head corresponding in diameter at one end with the rough bore of the tube and at its other end with the diameter of the finished bore adapted to be made thereby, a cutting tool adjustably mounted between the ends of said head and having two cutting edges disposed at right angles to each other, one thereof projecting beyond the forward end of the part of larger diameter thereof and extending at right angles to the axis of said boring with the diameter of the finished bore adapted to be made thereby, a cutting tool adjustably mounted between the ends of said head and having a cutting edge disposed to project beyond the part of larger diameter thereof, and a cutting edge extending par- 30 allel with the axis of said head, said firstnamed cutting edge extending at right angles to the axis of said head and both said cutting edges being disposed in a diametric plane of said head, said head being adapted to be maintained by said tube in axial alinement therewith and to be guided thereby, and means for imparting relative rotary and longitudinal movement to said tube and said head.

5. The combination With means for supporting an initially roughed out tube, of a boring head for finishing the bore of the supported tube, a partition wall within said boring head and provided with a recess, a

cutting tool adjustably-mounted in said partition wall and having its cutting end arranged in said recess, and means whereby lubricant is supplied to said boring head and directed through said recess to remove the shavings.

In testnnony whereof I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES ROWE. Witnesses:

RUDOLPH WM. Lo'rz, M. M. BOYLE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, 10., G. 

